設計改變社會—以北歐丹麥為例

時間：2021/04/07 (三) 14:00-16:00

地點：高雄醫學大學國研大樓創客基地 IR339

講者：Gideon Loewy / 台大商學院GMBA副教授、北歐設計顧問有限公司創辦人

廖佳玲 / 北歐設計顧問有限公司總監、文化部委員

主持人：林錦宏 / 高雄醫學大學心理學系副教授

講座摘要：

In the post-war period, the Nordic Countries implemented the welfare policies that made them world leaders in happiness, social justice and sustainable policies they are today. Since the 1950s, Denmark, Sweden, Norway and Finland have used design governance and methodology to lead societal upgrading. This has made them into Designed Societies. Large, powerful countries like the UK, Germany, the US and Japan had developed heavy industries already in the late 1800s and early 1900s, but like Taiwan, Nordic Countries were smaller and less developed and first transitioned toward industrialisation after WWII. From the 1950s up through the 1980s, just as Taiwan, they upgraded their national economies from primary natural and agricultural economies to light and later to heavy secondary manufacturing economies that could supply domestic markets with basic industrial goods from household goods to cars.

Improved economies allowed the Nordic countries to invest in the infrastructure needed to build welfare systems that focused especially on bringing education, culture, health and public services that previously been the exclusive benefits of the most privileged, even to the most disadvantaged. Industrial Design was widely deployed to upgrade the economy and architectural design to improve the public environment. In the 1980s, as their national economies became integrated into the European economy, big, multinational concerns like Nokia, Volvo, Saab, Lego, IKEA, Nordic Nordisk, Ericson and Grundfos were established or grew to prominence. With their growing scope, Industrial Designers became aware of the environmental impact of industrialisation and Green Design emerged. Socially, the Nordic Countries became international leaders and an ideal model for equitable development.

In the early 1990s, Regional Economies such as the US, Japan and European merged into a Global Economy and the welfare states of Northern Europe completed their transition toward Tertiary, Knowledge-based, Service Economies. They had achieved a high degree of socioeconomic prosperity but at the cost of heavy tax systems and a bloated Public Sector. As a service, Social Systems now became the object of innovation and focus turned to Sustainable Design and the management of systems, the cost of services and the efficiency of logistics. In the late 90s the UN proposed Triple Bottomline Accounting (TBL) and in 2000 issued the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) as a guide for sustainable, global development.

Since the 2000s, the Nordic Countries have become global leaders in Value Creation developed through the work of highly educated people employed the Quaternary Sectors. They have also adopted Social Design as a long-term strategy for positive, societal change. In 2010, the UN officially promoted the idea of a Green Economy and in 2015 updated the MDGs with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) that lay out the global challenges that face the international community up to 2030. Since then, these have been supplemented with for example concepts like the Circular Economy and Doughnut Economics. In the Nordic Countries, socio-political focus is now on how to how to design, establish and manage a Sustainable Society.

At this event, Scandinavian Designers Consultant Company will be sharing their own propriety socioeconomic development models and their application for the advancement of Taiwan toward a better future. Taking the Scandinavian Model as the most advanced globally, this presentation follows the steps of evolution toward a Sustainable Society and develops a step-by-step model of Societal and Socioeconomic development from Primary Economy of national industries toward a Quaternary Economy leading sustainable, global development.

A parallel comparison of development in the Nordic Countries integrated with the World Economic Forum’s 3-Stage Model and the Rostow 5-Stage Model, allows us to address the steps of development and current stage of Taiwan. The goal is to connect the evolution of innovation, creativity and governance in education, a new AI-supported Leadership Sector (Quinary Economy) and the development of National Intellectual Capital (NIC) and to enable the discussion of the future ethos, culture and competences that will enable our next step toward a “Taiwan Miracle 2.0”.